The reaction time for car accidents depends on each person’s ability and training. The ability of emergency response is related to the decision time. Furthermore, the decision should consider disadvantages like the amount of people injured and property damage. Research shows that the time of low awareness and concentration decreases the ability to respond, increasing the risk of accident. The necessary driving skills are accuracy of response, quick reaction time and good control of the steering wheel. Presently, there is technology that evaluates these driving skills. If the driver can reduce error of judgement, the chance of accident would decreased. Drivers get low accuracy scores, they should practice more. If the driver has slow response time, they should take a break in order to drive with common sense and reduce road accidents. In addition, the steering wheel skills are related to the experience of the driver. The driver should have experience before driving on the road in order to reduce road accidents. According to the Domino Theory of H.W. Heinrich, if the first domino (Social environment of background) falls over, the next domino would fall over as well. Thus, if you don’t want the fourth domino (Accident) to fall over, you should remove third domino (Unsafe acts or unsafe condition) to prevent injury and property damage. Thus, if the driver has developed these 3 skills (accuracy of response, quick reaction time and good control of the steering wheel) as mentioned, it would help to reduce the chance of accident. How responsive are you on emergencies

WannaCry Malware Outbreak

On May 12^th 2017, a malware threat called WannaCry emerged worldwide, affecting businesses and institutions including shipper FedEx, train systems in Germany, a Spanish telecommunications company, universities in Asia, Russia’s interior ministry and British hospitals. This type of malware locks files and asks for payment to unlock them, hence the word ransomware.

“The crisis isn’t over…patch your systems as they will try again” @malwaretechblog

This malware can easily infect other computers in the same network. WannaCry ransomware uses the vulnerability of “SMB (Server Message Block)” Remote Execution Vulnerability, a security flaw in Microsoft’s Window Operating System. Users without Window updates are at risk of getting this malware. During the month of April, the vulnerability was released to the public but Microsoft has released an update to fix this vulnerability since March 14^th 2017. However, computers which have not updated the patch were attacked, with more than 230,000 computers in 150 countries. One example case in Thailand is the Royal Thai Police system breach, which caused a road sign error to be displayed on Witthayu Road on the 14^th of May 2017. A total of $55,165, or less than 2 million Baht from 209 payments via Bitcoin were paid to the hackers according to Reuters as of 9 pm Monday Thailand time (1400 GMT). Windows XP, Windows Server 2003 until Windows 10 and Windows Server 2016 systems were affected from the malware attacks. Since the support period of Windows XP and Windows Server 2003 is no longer available, there is no update to fix this vulnerability for the two systems. Despite this, there are still computers running on the two operating systems and have Internet connection. Therefore, Microsoft has issued an emergency update to resolve this issue. Users may download the update from the Microsoft website.

To Prevent Infection:

1. 1. Update antivirus and other security software.
   2. Have a separate backup of your important data not connected to a network.
   3. Update your software frequently to block the vulnerabilities
   4. Close the Server Message Block (SMB).
   5. Do not open links or attachments from suspicious e-mails
   6. Turn on your smart screen (in Internet Explorer), which helps identify reported phishing and malware websites and helps you make informed decisions about downloads
   7. Have a pop-up blocker running on your web browser

Newer strains of the ransomware are possible. The Ministry of Information and Communication Technology has issued ThaiCERT and the ETDA (Electronic Transactions Development Agency (Public Organization) to create guidelines on preventative measures for the general public. It is advised to keep yourself updated (patched) as the authorities are certain that there will be further cyber-attack attempts in the near future.

References

https://www.thaicert.or.th/alerts/user/2017/al2017us001.html http://www.sciencealert.com/experts-are-warning-the- global-wannacry-ransomware-hack-isn-t-over http://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2017/05/14/528355526/repercussions-continue-from-global-ransomware-attack https://www.it24hrs.com/2017/wannacry-ransomware-malware-effect/ https://www.blognone.com/node/92410 http://www.bangkokpost.com/news/general/1250106/cyber-worm-slows-hobbles-chinese-police-schools http://fingfx.thomsonreuters.com/gfx/rngs/CYBER-ATTACK/010041552FY/index.html http://www.reuters.com/article/us-cyber-attack-idUSKCN18B0AC http://www.aljazeera.com/news/2017/05/ransomware-avoid-170513041345145.html

Various technologies exist to help people when unexpected accidents happen on the road.

There is a wide range of choice, especially with car accessories such as GPS, car cameras,

speed and distance recorder, emergency kit and break hammer rescue tool.

• The GPS device is an important item that should be installed in your car, especially for people who get lost easily. This device would act as a navigator if you are off the beaten track. Furthermore, the driver will know the travel route before reaching the destination. The number of accidents would decrease.

• Car cameras are the popular devices at this moment. The technology of this device is developed various functions. Some car cameras have radar detectors. The radar detector function could find the location of police’s radar detector and warn the drivers to not exceed the speed limit according to law. In case of accident occurring, the video from the device issue to prove who is the criminal.

• The speed and distance recording device is used to record the behavior of drivers. The analysis result could lead to accidents decreasing and   oil preservation.

• The car emergency kit is one of those things that you don’t think much about until it’s too late. Especially if your vehicle is having a problem while you are driving at the countryside without garages. Therefore, the driver should keep the emergency kit in the car for initial repairs before going to the garage.

• The rescue tools are as important as the emergency tools. Especially, the car window breaker and seatbelt cutter are indispensable to save lives when cars fall into canal or river.

5 Necessary equipment to keep in your car

All devices as mentioned would save human life and help the driver in the case of the problems while driving.

Do I need website security? What is an SSL certificate?Do I need website security? What is an SSL certificate? Exactly how safe is your website? As ordinary web users, we rarely think about the risks of an unprotected site. This is a short guide on how to keep your website and business safe. Some basics are discussed, such as what is an SSL certificate, the different types and why we need them. An SSL certificate, or Secure Sockets Layer certificate, is a third-party verification that provides technology to encrypt data to protect information.Exchange of information can happen in many forms, e.g. blog comments, login details or landing pages. Every website will need at least one SSL certificate.

First, your website type :

Blog or information site: Anonymous visitor data is collected via Google Analytics by simple cookies. There is less requirement for security as there is no collection of personal data. Company site for marketing products: Data is collected from site visitors and used to target marketing campaigns. Clients need to agree with such data collection. The more information, the more risk there is of a data breach.Hence, more security is needed. Ad-funded website: Collecting site visitor information may be passed on to third-party advertising networks. How this information is stored and used by the ad networks varies. This includes sites that share information via social networking such as Facebook. E-commerce website: Transactions using detailed information such as address, phone number, credit card numbers and other financial information is performed. Username and passwords make it vulnerable to thieves, therefore higher security measures are needed.Any processed data needs to be encrypted. SSL certificates should be used. Discussion forum or other sites involving sensitive data: Sites recording religious topics, medical records, or criminal records deal with sensitive data and thus requires specialcategorization.

Types of SSL Certificates:

How many do you need?SSL Certificates depend on the number of ‘common names’ your website has. For example, if your site is accessible by typing in “www.example.com” and “example.com”, you will need separate SSL Certificates for each. If you have multiple servers, you may require multiple certificates. For websites, the main types areDomain Validated and Organizational Validated SSL. More advanced Extended Validation (EV) is also available. The lowest level authentication is the Domain Validated (DV) SSL Certificate, in which the Certificate Authorities will simply send an email to the listed emailaddress of the domain admin of the site. Having just one DV Certificate is not enough for good website security. Organizational Validated (OV) SSL Certificates, however, checks the identity of the company and person applying with more detail. An address is needed as well as the specific contact. This will then be displayed in the browser’s user interface. Getting an Extended Validation (EV) SSL requires more vigorous vetting. EV SSL certificates will enable visual signs,such as the green address bar in the browser. This shows that the company has provided detailed information which has been checked and audited by the Certificate Authority.

W์hy protect yourself?

Money: Being blacklisted by search engines such as Google results in site downtime. Reputation and trust: If the site does not have SSL certificates, this translates to poor organization and therefore customer experience. Search engine ranking: It can take up to six weeks to get off a search engine blacklist which makes the website unsearchable. Even though the site is not blacklisted, people will still click away if there is any indication that the site is not safe, lowering search engine rankings.

Further information:

https://www.symantec.com/connect/blogs/typ es-ssl-certificates-choose-right-one http://www.csoonline.com/article/3153707/sec urity/top-5-cybersecurity-facts-figures-and- statistics-for-2017.html https://www.scmagazine.com/whitehat- security-release-website-security-statistics- report/article/536252/ https://www.techopedia.com/definition/24747/ cybersecurity http://money.cnn.com/2015/04/14/technology/ security/cyber-attack-hacks-security/

How to Avoid the Traffic Speed Detector

Nowadays, the trend of cars using high speed are increasing and is the main cause of car accidents. As a consequence, relevant departments have set speed limits for each area and installed many traffic speed detectors in Thailand. Therefore, InterRisk Asia (Thailand) Co., Ltd. would like to present the information about traffic speed detectors for road users.

There are 2 types of traffic speed detectors commonly used in Thailand.

Radar-type: This type is mostly used in which the officer manually detects or installs the device in the designated location. The device emits radar waves to target the car and the waves reflect back to the receiver. The reflected wave from the target car changes in size or frequency. Then the detector will calculate the speed value of the car. Laser-type: This type is more accurate than radar-type and is used manually by human or automatic system. Moreover, the calculation is less than a second. The function of this type is to reflect the laser beam. It measures the reflection duration which uses the change of rate of distance per time to calculate the speed value of the target car.

Traffic speed detector map

In order to decrease accident, traffic speed detectors are installed at the several location. The figure on the left hand side briefly shows the location of speed detectors in Bangkok. Moreover, the road users can use coordinates to locate the spot in your GPS device. In these areas, the drivers should drive safely with caution in these areas. Then the drivers should concern about using speed. Being safe with speed limits  The speed limit is set up for safety driving and road users which are listed below. Relevant departments consider about drive with high speed. Therefore, the technologies are used together with development of road users’ potential which can reduce the car accidents.

                 Thailand is ranked second place as the country with the highest fatality for worldwide road accidents. Mostly, the cause of accident is from terrible behavior of the drivers. The 8 behaviors causing accidents that should be avoided are as below; exceeding the speed Thai people’s always exceed the speed limit which will damage property and injure other people. Moreover, a warning letter and car photo are sent rapidly to the driver. exceeding the speed limit

Often, drivers make slow decisions, therefore causing sudden lane changes. The accidents caused by illegal lane changes can cause serious injuries and property damage. Consequently, training and response tests are important for the drivers in order to have good decision-making skills.

Low decision-making skill and sudden lane change According to the contents of the Land Traffic Act, there is legal punishment for using mobile phones or social media while driving. However, many drivers still violate the law. These behaviors may cause the drivers to not focus on the road. If car accidents occur, the innocent bystanders will be affected from other carelessness. Reckless driving

These actions usually come from selfish drivers commonly found in large cities such as Bangkok. Furthermore, this is the cause of accident and argument as well.

Drunk driving Safe driving requires alertness and the ability to make quick decisions in rapidly changing situations. Drinking alcohol can have a profound effect on driving skills which is decrease the skill of the drivers. Hence, the drunk drivers should avoid driving and take the taxi instead. Not turning

Both motorcycle and car accidents are usually caused from not opening the indicator lights to warn the other vehicles. According to traffic law, indicator lights must be opened when the driver needs to turn or change lanes.

Disobeying traffic signs Traffic signs is an important for all drivers in understanding the rules of the road. Nonetheless, drivers always violate the law which crash into the other vehicles which affects other vehicles, causing them to crash. No deceleration This situation always occur in rural roads. When driving into the intersection, cars traveling at a high speed do not slow down. Thus, resulting in serious car crashes is seriously damaged.

4 Things : How to improve your driving safety

Check driver and car condition before driving

The driver should prepare themselves before driving to reduce fatigue. Take plenty of rest before the trip. Don’t drink and drive or use drug that affect your ability to concentrate while driving. Moreover, it is important to inspect the car. Don’t travel with car in bad condition that can increase the risk of accidents.

Evaluate risk before driving

The driver should study the route before driving and find points that are risky in that area. Moreover, drivers can study the situation from VDO or website for situation analytic and find the way to prevent it. Drivers should think about safety at all time. Risk evaluation practicing and driving preparation can make the driver control the situation.

Using technology to the most benefit.

Currently, there are many devices which are developed to increase driving safety. Such GPS device can notify when the driver exceeds the speed limit or drive in areas that are risky. Some devices can analyze the driving abilities such as suddenly breaking or tailgating. The driver can use data to improve themselves and check fuel economy for their cars.

Training to improve driver skills regularly

The driver should get basic training and advanced training continuously. Choosing the training is based on personal preference. The training can remind the driver to think about safety and drive appropriately. Nowadays, some trainings have simulations which can help the driver understand and handle the situation. Driving safety awareness is necessary for all drivers. Skill development and driving preparation before driving (both the driver and car) can reduce the cause of accidents. Nowadays, there are many trainings and devices that can increase the driving safety with high benefit if used appropriately.

Flood in Thailand’s Southern Area

Introduction

[caption id="attachment_1463" align="alignright" width="285"] Flooded provinces map.[/caption] Since the end of 2016, many Thailand’s southern provinces had to face severe flooding disaster which were the result of the continuous rainfall in the region. So far, there were 12 affected provinces which are Prachuabkirikan, Chumphon, Ranong, Surat Thani, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Krabi, Trang, Phatthalung, Songkhla, Yala, Pattani, Narathiwat. Several economic areas were damaged by flood such as Koh Samui in Surat Thani province, many roads and railways were also affected by the flood causing the transportation to the south to be paralyzed. The government and individuals were sending aid into the areas. Now, flood situations in five provinces (Yala, Ranong, Narathiwat, Pattani and Krabi) are now relieved. However, people in the inundated provinces are still need to be careful and prepare for the incoming rainfall next week.

Causes

This 2016/2017 southern Thailand’s flood was resulted from the continuous heavy rainfall in the southern Thailand which was caused by the northeast monsoon that brings humidity from the sea to land. This huge amount of rain water caused the drainage to be unable to release the water to the sea. However, there will be more rain in the southern Thailand, in some provinces, there will be heavy rain, said the officials.

Damages

[caption id="attachment_1460" align="alignright" width="281"] Northeast monsoon. https://www.windytv.com/?13.708,100.456,5[/caption] Twelve provinces were damaged by flood water, there were landslides and flash floods in many areas. So far, 43 people were reported dead, 20 official places, 5,498 villages in 119 Districts, 1,135 roads were damaged. The economic areas were also affected by the flood such as Koh Samui, Khanom and Pak Panang in Surat Thani province. Flood water has also damaged the agricultural areas causing the scarcity of food for cattle. Rescues has been sending into the areas. The navy have supported the boats to push flood water into the sea. [caption id="attachment_1461" align="aligncenter" width="596"] Figure show the Thailand precipitation from 1-16 January 2017 http://www.arcims.tmd.go.th/dailydata/MonthRain.php[/caption]

Flood events

6^th Jan 2017: Nakhon Sri Thammarat airport was closed for 2 days due to the paralyzed. 6^th Jan 2017: Surat Thani train station became the terminal station for southern railroad. 6^th Jan 2017: Flooding in Phatthalung caused 3 deaths. 11 Districts were affected by flood. There was also landslide in some areas. 8^th Jan 2017: Continuous rainfall caused 20 cm-high flood in downtown of Krabi. 12^th Jan 2017: High flood water in many areas caused the trains heading to Trang to stop the service. 14^th Jan 2017: Seven southern provinces are still flooded. While, floods were gone in 5 provinces which are Yala, Ranong, Narathiwat, Pattani and Krabi.

Forecast

The northeast monsoon across the Gulf intensifies with more rain expected with heavy in some parts of the South. Waves are forecast up to 2-3 meters high in the Gulf. Meteorological Department of Thailand reported that there will be heavy rainfall in southern provinces on 16-20 January. People in the areas still need to be cautious of the possible flash flood and landslide. The Upper Chao Phraya River Flow: http://water.rid.go.th/flood/plan_new/planup.html The water levels in all rivers and dams are at normal level . The water level in Chao Phraya Dam is at normal level. [caption id="attachment_1496" align="aligncenter" width="1198"] Water Situation in the Chao Phraya River 12th January 2017 6:00 a.m.[/caption]

Note: – Numbers in black indicate the flow rate of water in m³/sec.

– Numbers in bracket indicate the storage level of water in m³/sec.

– Numbers with underline indicate higher (+) or lower (-) of water level than the river bank in meters.

– Water levels upstream (U/S) and downstream (D/S) of the dam in meters compare to mean sea level.

The Lower Chao Phraya River Flow: http://water.rid.go.th/flood/plan_new/chaophaya/Chao_low.php?cal2=12012017 Overall, the water flow rate at the Chao Phraya River is normal. The incoming water is at normal capacity. Currently the irrigation system is still able to manage the amount of incoming water. [caption id="attachment_1499" align="aligncenter" width="1068"] Water Situation in the Chao Phraya River 12th January 2017 6:00 a.m.[/caption] Note: – Numbers in black indicate the flow rate of water in m³/sec. – Numbers in brackets indicate the flow rate of water in million m³/day. – Numbers with underline indicate higher (+) or lower (-) of water level than the river bank in meters. – Water levels upstream (U/S) and downstream (D/S) of the dam in meters compare to mean sea level.

References

https://www.windytv.com http://www.arcims.tmd.go.th/dailydata/MonthRain.php http://www.tmd.go.th/thailand.php http://water.rid.go.th/news/news_59_082.htm http://www.thairath.co.th http://news.thaiflood.com http://thaiflood.kapook.com http://news.thaipbs.or.th

Thailand Current Water Situation

Summary

Water level has not increased as much in the upper part of Thailand. The rain fall mostly in the central part of Thailand where’s no major dam in the area. However, the water level in the water system still remains low despite heavy rain in some area which cause occasional urban/ street flood where drainage capacity is not adequate. In the short future, there is no cyclone would directly affect Thailand’ precipitation, the chance of river flood is low. However, the chance of heavy rain could occur throughout the country. Location which has low drainage capacity should be aware. RID news: http://water.rid.go.th/news/news_59_043.htm The irrigation Department announced that Main objective for this rainy season is to store water as much as possible until next drought. All of the major dams still have much capacity to receive. In the past weeks, there are more water flow into the dams but not exceed the amount of water released to maintain the environment. The irrigation department will try to distribute the water as much efficient as possible. Forecast: http://www.tmd.go.th/thailand.php In the next week, Thailand would have chance to rain in entire country and likely to have heavy rain in the North, North East, and Central. Chance of heavy rain in western area of southern part of Thailand. Flood events

• Urban Flood in Bangkok: 21 June Urban flood in Bangkok Street across the city and caused traffic jams in Bangkok. The severe flooded road was a section of Lat Phrao Road and Ratchadaphisek with traffic barely moving for hours. The cause of flood was reported by BMA that drainage had been clogged with over 5 tons of trash in waterway. This includes furniture as shown in the link. http://thaiflood.kapook.com/view150941.html; The amount of urban flood has damage houses in Ramintra road. The flood in the area was approximately 1-1.5m at the same level as 2011.

http://thaiflood.kapook.com/view150912.html http://floodlist.com/asia/thailand-bangkok-flood-june-2016; http://www.bangkokpost.com/news/general/1015913/heavy-floods-hit-parts-of-bangkok;

• Bang Poo Industrial Estate: 22 June Inland flood in Bang Poo industrial estate in Samut Prakan. Flood inside the industrial estate was caused by heavy rain and insufficient drainage which cause the roads flood up to 15 cm and 40 cm in some area. As result the flood had caused factory to close for the day since employee could not access to their work place. http://www.bangkokpost.com/news/general/1016905/flooding-forces-some-bang-poo-factories-to-close

Dam Water Level: http://www.waterforthai.org/th/dam-report [caption id="attachment_1404" align="aligncenter" width="1066"] Water level in all major dam appear to be decreasing/ storage levels for the Bhumibol, Sirikit, Kwae Noi, and Pasak dams are 30%, 37%, 26%, and 19% respectively.[/caption] Precipitation: http://www.arcims.tmd.go.th/dailydata/MonthRain.php Total monthly rainfall: Since the beginning of June, precipitation occurs throughout Thailand, and more in the south west, north and north east of Thailand. Departure from normal: In compare to moderate years, amount of rain fall in Thailand is much lower than average. -100 – -200 mm except south west. Total rainfall from 1 January: From the beginning of the year until June, many provinces had rain approximately 300 mm likely started in June. However, compare to the left figure, the rain in less than average in many area. Weather forecast: JUNE: http://www.tmd.go.th/monthly_forecast.php

Region	Rainfall	Rainy days	Max. Temperature	Min. Temperature
Northern	160-200 mm	17-20 day	32-34℃	24-26℃
Northeastern	190-230 mm	16-19 day	33-35℃	24-26℃
Central	140-180 mm	15-18 day	33-35℃	25-27℃
Eastern	250-300 mm	16-19 day	32-34℃	25-27℃
Southeastern	100-140 mm	13-16 day	32-34℃	24-26℃
Southwestern	300-400 mm	18-21 day	31-33℃	24-26℃

The Upper Chao Phraya River Flow: http://water.rid.go.th/flood/plan_new/chaophaya/ Water Level in many canals are normal. Water canals can take much more water runoff from upstream. The Lower Chao Phraya River Flow: http://water.rid.go.th/flood/plan_new/chaophaya/ Normal water levels and flow are observed in all areas.

Thailand Water Management Forum 2016:

20/6/2016 Interrisk Asia Thailand had attended Thailand Water Management Forum 2016; the organizer was Siam Cement Group (SCG), Utokapat and Thai Journalists Association (TJA). The forum aims to provide a pragmatic exchange about water management innovations in Thailand. Thailand is now facing water management issue, from both draught and flood. Therefore, long-term water management should be done to solve the problem. Irrigation area only covers 20% of the agricultural area in Thailand. The ability to catch water in the north east of Thailand is quite poor, only 3% of rainfall can be stored from (250,000 mil cm³). In addition, Thai agriculture consumes a lot more water than it should when compare to neighbor country. To conclude, Thailand has lots of water, but struggling with managing precipitation, water store and consumption. The forum discusses the water management issue in 3 topics namely; Water supply, Water demand and Water management. Water Supply management does not have to be only on the upstream in the north. The water management can be in the other region’s upper stream. Water in the mid-stream should be detained by utilized water barrage and water gate. Water way should be clear and increase capacity. Lower stream, even though there’s much rain but could still affect by drought and reverse salt water. Water Demand should concerns the future increasing water demand and reduces water consumption. The forum considers the appropriate use of water and study possibility of water taxing to increase water value. Water Management requires that people should know the real amount of water stored to be adapting to the situation. Water management requires to restores natural water resource, storage and water usage guideline for different land use. It is necessary to make water basin management map including land management. Irrigation area should consider long term management and long term plan with enough water storage. Government should consider assign an organization to develop and manage water system which make the water management plan every 4-5 years for accordance policy and funding. At the moment it is appears that Thai water management are done base on ad-hoc operation but no long term plan, we need more holistic plan regarding this matter and at the moment communities starts working from their own with government support. They are looking forward for co-operation between government, private sector, stakeholder and communities to solve the problem from the small scale in the mean while. Keep up to date: Water news application: http://www.thaiwater.net/v3/research         Thaiwater or NHC has produce mobile application to update flood situation and announcement on mobile. The application update 24 hours and includse water level, dam level, storm forecast, whether forecast and announcement. The application is easy to use and it is recommend factory in flood prone area in Thailand should use it.

References

http://www.nationtv.tv/main/content/social/378502535/ http://www.thaiwater.net/web/index.php/ourworks2554/379-2011flood-summary.html http://water.rid.go.th/flood/plan_new/chaophaya/Chao_up.php?cal2=27052016 http://water.rid.go.th/flood/plan_new/chaophaya/Chao_low.php?cal2=27052016 http://www.arcims.tmd.go.th/dailydata/MonthRain.php http://www.waterforthai.org/th/dam-report http://www.thaiwater.net/web/index.php/ourworks2554/379-2011flood-summary.html http://www.thaiwater.net/DATA/REPORT/php/rid_dam_1.php?lang=en http://www.bangkokpost.com/learning/learning-from-news/987853/as-el-nino-fades-hopes-increase-for-wet-rainy-season http://www.tmd.go.th/en/7-day_forecast.php http://www.tmd.go.th/en/archive/thailand_climate.pdf http://www.bangkokpost.com/news/general/994313/relief-as-rain-falls-but-droughts-aftermath-to-linger http://thaipublica.org/2016/06/thailand-sustainable-water-management-forum-2016-sumet/

Thailand Water Situation

Summary

Water level in major dams has increased however, it’s not adequate. Water released from the dam is at minimum and major dam has large capacity to contain severe rainfall. River flood in this season is unlikely. However, flash flood could occur though out the country due to short down pour. RID News http://water.rid.go.th/news/news_59_040.htm Situation in major dam has improved. Water level in many dams has increased but still not adequate. Currently, amount of water stored is at 31,152 million cubic meters or 44% of total all dam capacity. Amount of usable water is at 7,718 million cubic meters. Major dams could store water more than 39,000 cubic meters. Even though, there are some the water inflows into the dam but the amount is not enough due to low rainfall in the upper area of the dams. The RID announced that all major dams should collect water as much as possible during the rainy season without affect the downstream. Current water flow from major dams at 18 million cubic meters is for consumption and environment only. Flood situation Flood caution in Mei river. The area located in border between Thailand and Myanmar border at Tak province since 11 June: http://www.thairath.co.th/content/636783 Forecast: http://water.rid.go.th/flood/flood/daily.pdf In the next week, Thailand would likely to rain in the North, North East, West and East. Chance of heavy rain in western area of southern part of Thailand. Dam Water Level: http://www.waterforthai.org/th/dam-report [caption id="attachment_1430" align="aligncenter" width="763"] The Bhumibol Dam has not increase. The remaining main dam water levels have slightly increased. Usable storage levels for the Bhumibol, Sirikit, Kwae Noi, and Pasak dams are 2%, 8%, 21%, and 22% respectively.[/caption] Weather forecast: JUNE: http://www.tmd.go.th/monthly_forecast.php

Region	Rainfall	Rainy days	Max. Temperature	Min. Temperature
Northern	160-200 mm	17-20 day	32-34℃	24-26℃
Northeastern	190-230 mm	16-19 day	33-35℃	24-26℃
Central	140-180 mm	15-18 day	33-35℃	25-27℃
Eastern	250-300 mm	16-19 day	32-34℃	25-27℃
Southeastern	100-140 mm	13-16 day	32-34℃	24-26℃
Southwestern	300-400 mm	18-21 day	31-33℃	24-26℃

The Upper Chao Phraya River Flow: http://water.rid.go.th/flood/plan_new/chaophaya/ Water Level in many canals are normal. Water canals can take much more water runoff from upstream. The Lower Chao Phraya River Flow: http://water.rid.go.th/flood/plan_new/chaophaya/ Normal water levels and flow are observed in all areas.

References

http://www.nationtv.tv/main/content/social/378502535/ http://www.thaiwater.net/web/index.php/ourworks2554/379-2011flood-summary.html http://water.rid.go.th/flood/plan_new/chaophaya/Chao_up.php?cal2=27052016 http://water.rid.go.th/flood/plan_new/chaophaya/Chao_low.php?cal2=27052016 http://www.arcims.tmd.go.th/dailydata/MonthRain.php http://www.waterforthai.org/th/dam-report http://www.thaiwater.net/web/index.php/ourworks2554/379-2011flood-summary.html http://www.thaiwater.net/DATA/REPORT/php/rid_dam_1.php?lang=en http://www.bangkokpost.com/learning/learning-from-news/987853/as-el-nino-fades-hopes-increase-for-wet-rainy-season http://www.tmd.go.th/en/7-day_forecast.php http://www.tmd.go.th/en/archive/thailand_climate.pdf  http://www.bangkokpost.com/news/general/994313/relief-as-rain-falls-but-droughts-aftermath-to-linger